Cyclocephala

Cyclocephala
Cyclocephala hirta
Nomenklatur
Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821
Klassifikasjon
Rike		Dyreriket
Rekke		Leddyr
Klasse		Insekter
Orden		Biller
Familie		Hornbiller
Tribus		Cyclocephalini
Økologi
Antall arter:		ca. 360
Utbredelse:		Amerika
Inndelt i
Se systematisk inndeling

Cyclocephala er en artsrik slekt av biller som hører til gruppen hornbiller i familien skarabider (Scarabaeidae).

Utseende

Middelsstore (7-25 millimeter), avlange, blanke, brungule, rødlige eller mørke biller. Mange arter har mørke fargetegninger, de kan også være ensfarget mørke. De er blant de minste hornbillene og mangler horn. Et særtrekk er at de vifteformede antennene bare har to «vifteblader».

Levevis

De voksne billene er nattaktive og kommer til lys. I alle fall noen arter besøker blomster (for eksempel på planter i myrkonglefamilien) og kan være viktige pollinatorer. Larvene er kjent bare for et fåtall av artene, disse lever i jorda og eter på gressrøtter.

Utbredelse

Artene er utbredt i Nord-Amerika, der de kan være meget tallrike, men de aller fleste lever i Sør- og Mellom-Amerika.

Systematisk inndeling

Avgrensingen av slekten er noe uklar, spesielt er den ofte vanskelig å skille fra slekten Aspidolea.

Treliste

• Ordenen biller, Coleoptera
  • Underordenen Polyphaga
    • Overfamilien skarabider (Scarabaeoidea)
      • Familien skarabider, Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1806
        • Underfamilien hornbiller, Dynastinae MacLeay, 1819
          • Stammen Cyclocephalini
            • Slekten Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 – nordlige arter:
              • Cyclocephala borealis Arrow, 1911
              • Cyclocephala hirta LeConte, 1861
              • Cyclocephala longula LeConte, 1863
              • Cyclocephala lunulata Burmeister, 1847
              • Cyclocephala lurida Bland, 1863
              • Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775)
              • Cyclocephala miamiensis Howden & Endrödi, 1966
              • Cyclocephala pasadenae (Casey, 1915)
              • Cyclocephala puberula LeConte, 1863

Liste over arter utbredt sør for USA

• Cyclocephala abrelata Ratcliffe & Cave, 1992
• Cyclocephala acoma Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala acuta Arrow, 1902
• Cyclocephala aequatoria Endrödi, 1963
• Cyclocephala affinis Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala alazonia Ratcliffe, 2003
• Cyclocephala alexi Ratcliffe & Delgado, 1990
• Cyclocephala almitana Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala altamontana Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala alutacea Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala alvarengai Dechambre, 1980
• Cyclocephala amazona (Linnaeus, 1767)
• Cyclocephala amblyopsis Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala ampliata Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala amplitarsis Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala angularis (Knoch, 1801)
• Cyclocephala anibali Joly, 2009
• Cyclocephala antoinei Dupuis, 2018
• Cyclocephala aravaipensis Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala arenosa Howden & Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala arnaudi Dechambre, 1980
• Cyclocephala arrowiana Martínez, 1967
• Cyclocephala atricapilla Mannerheim, 1829
• Cyclocephala atriceps (Casey, 1915)
• Cyclocephala atricolor Chapin, 1932
• Cyclocephala atripes Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala aulustjaorum Hiekema, 2017
• Cyclocephala barrerai Martínez, 1969
• Cyclocephala batesi Delgado-Castilla & Castaneda, 1994
• Cyclocephala bella Endrödi, 1969
• Cyclocephala berti Delgado-Castillo, 1992
• Cyclocephala bicolor Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
• Cyclocephala bicolorata Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala bimaculata Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala binotata Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala bleuzeni Dechambre, 1995
• Cyclocephala boliviana Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala bollei Dechambre & Endrödi, 1984
• Cyclocephala borburatae Endrödi, 1980
• Cyclocephala boucheri Dechambre, 1997
• Cyclocephala boulardi Dechambre, 1979
• Cyclocephala brasiliana Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala brevipennis Endrödi, 1985
• Cyclocephala brevis Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala brittoni Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala burmeisteri Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala caelestis Delgado & Ratcliffe, 1990
• Cyclocephala camachicola Ohaus, 1910
• Cyclocephala capitata Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala carbonaria Arrow, 1911
• Cyclocephala cardini Chapin, 1935
• Cyclocephala carinatipennis Martínez & Morón, 1984
• Cyclocephala carlsoni Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala cartwrighti Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala casanova Ratcliffe & Cave, 2009
• Cyclocephala castanea (Olivier, 1789)
• Cyclocephala castaniella Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala caussaneli Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala cearae Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala celata Dechambre, 1980
• Cyclocephala cerea Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala chalumeaui Martínez, 1978
• Cyclocephala chera Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala chiquita Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala colasi Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala collaris Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala comata Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala compacta Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala complanata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala concolor Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala confusa Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala conspicua Sharp, 1877
• Cyclocephala contraria Kirsch, 1873
• Cyclocephala coriacea Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala couturieri Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala crassa Endrödi, 1967
• Cyclocephala crepuscularis Martínez, 1954
• Cyclocephala cribrata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala cubana Chapin, 1932
• Cyclocephala cucullata Ratcliffe & Cave, 2020
• Cyclocephala curta Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala dalensi Ponchel, 2009
• Cyclocephala danforthi Chapin, 1935
• Cyclocephala deceptor (Casey, 1915)
• Cyclocephala dechambrei Dupuis, 2018
• Cyclocephala decorella Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala defecta Endrödi, 1970
• Cyclocephala deltoides Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala dichroa Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala dicula Dupuis, 2021
• Cyclocephala dilatata Prell, 1934
• Cyclocephala diluta Erichson, 1847
• Cyclocephala discicollis Arrow, 1902
• Cyclocephala discolor (Herbst, 1792)
• Cyclocephala dispar (Herbst, 1790)
• Cyclocephala distincta Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala divaricata Joly, 2005
• Cyclocephala dolichotarsa Ratcliffe & Cave, 2008
• Cyclocephala dominicana Endrödi, 1985
• Cyclocephala duodecimpunctata Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala dupuisi Ratcliffe, 2014
• Cyclocephala durantonorum Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala dyscinetoides Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala emarginata Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala endroedii Martínez, 1965
• Cyclocephala endroedy-youngai Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala englemani (Ratcliffe, 1977)
• Cyclocephala enigma Ratcliffe, 2003
• Cyclocephala epistomalis Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala ergastuli Dechambre, 1997
• Cyclocephala erotylina Arrow, 1914
• Cyclocephala everardoi Grossi, Santos & Almeida, 2016
• Cyclocephala falsa (Arrow, 1911)
• Cyclocephala fankhaeneli Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala fasciolata Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala ferruginea (Fabricius, 1801)
• Cyclocephala figurata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala flavipennis Arrow, 1914
• Cyclocephala flavoscutellaris Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala flora Arrow, 1911
• Cyclocephala forcipulata Howden & Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala forsteri Endrödi, 1963
• Cyclocephala freudei Endrödi, 1963
• Cyclocephala freyi Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala frontalis Chevrolat, 1844
• Cyclocephala fulgurata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala fulvipennis Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala fusiformis Chapin, 1932
• Cyclocephala gabaldoni Martínez & Martínez, 1981
• Cyclocephala genieri Joly, 2010
• Cyclocephala gigantea Dupuis, 1999
• Cyclocephala goetzi Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala gravis Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala gregaria Heyne & Taschenberg, 1908
• Cyclocephala guaguarum Dechambre & Endrödi, 1984
• Cyclocephala guianae Endrödi, 1969
• Cyclocephala guttata Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala guycolasi Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala halffteriana Martínez, 1968
• Cyclocephala hardyi Endrödi, 1975
• Cyclocephala hartmannorum Maly, 2006
• Cyclocephala helavai Endrödi, 1975
• Cyclocephala herteli Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala hiekei Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala hielkemaorum Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala hirsuta Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala histrionica Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala holmbergi Martínez, 1968
• Cyclocephala howdenannae Endrödi, 1975
• Cyclocephala huamilule Romero-López & Morón, 2017
• Cyclocephala husingi Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala iani Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala immaculata (Olivier, 1789)
• Cyclocephala inca Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala insulicola Arrow, 1937
• Cyclocephala isabellina Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala isthmiensis Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala italoi Dupuis, 1999
• Cyclocephala jalapensis Casey, 1915
• Cyclocephala jauffreti Dechambre, 1979
• Cyclocephala kahanoffae Martínez, 1975
• Cyclocephala kaszabi Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala kechua (Martínez, 1957)
• Cyclocephala knobelae (Brown, 1934)
• Cyclocephala krombeini Endrödi, 1979
• Cyclocephala kuntzeniana Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala labidion Ratcliffe, 2003
• Cyclocephala lachaumei Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala laevis Arrow, 1937
• Cyclocephala lamarcki Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala laminata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala larssoni Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala latericia Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala latipennis Arrow, 1911
• Cyclocephala latreillei Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala lecourti Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala letiranti Young, 1992
• Cyclocephala lichyi Dechambre, 1980
• Cyclocephala ligyrina Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala lineata Dupuis, 2008
• Cyclocephala lineigera Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala liomorpha Arrow, 1911
• Cyclocephala literata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala lizeri Martínez, 1964
• Cyclocephala longa Endrödi, 1963
• Cyclocephala longicollis Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala longimana Dechambre, 1980
• Cyclocephala longitarsis Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala lutea Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala machadoi Grossi, 2016
• Cyclocephala macrophylla Erichson, 1847
• Cyclocephala maculata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala maculiventris Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala mafaffa Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala magdalenae Young & Le Tirant, 2005
• Cyclocephala malleri Martínez, 1968
• Cyclocephala malyi Dupuis, 2014
• Cyclocephala mannheimsi Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala marginalis Kirsch, 1871
• Cyclocephala marginicollis Arrow, 1902
• Cyclocephala marianista Dechambre & Endrödi, 1984
• Cyclocephala marqueti Dechambre, 1997
• Cyclocephala marquezi Delgado & Mora-Aguilar, 2020
• Cyclocephala martinezi Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala marylizae Ratcliffe, 2003
• Cyclocephala mathani Dechambre, 1982
• Cyclocephala mechae Martínez
• Cyclocephala mecynotarsis Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala megalophylla Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala meinanderi Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala melanae Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala melanopoda Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala melolonthida Ratcliffe & Cave, 2002
• Cyclocephala mesophylla Mora-Aguilar & Delgado, 2012
• Cyclocephala metrica Steinheil, 1872
• Cyclocephala minuchae Joly, 2003
• Cyclocephala minuta Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala modesta Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala molesta Endrödi, 1969
• Cyclocephala monacha Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala monzoni Ratcliffe & Cave, 2009
• Cyclocephala moreti Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala morphoidina Prell, 1937
• Cyclocephala multiplex Casey, 1915
• Cyclocephala munda Kirsch, 1870
• Cyclocephala mustacha Ratcliffe, 2003
• Cyclocephala mutata Harold, 1869
• Cyclocephala nana Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala nicolasi Dupuis, 2018
• Cyclocephala nigerrima Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala nigra (Endrödi, 1979)
• Cyclocephala nigricollis Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala nigritarsis Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala nigrobasalis Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala nigropicta Dechambre & Endrödi, 1980
• Cyclocephala niguasa Dechambre & Endrödi, 1984
• Cyclocephala nike Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala nodanotherwon Ratcliffe, 1992 - artsnavnet tyder på en viss frustrasjon over tallet på arter i denne slekten
• Cyclocephala notata (Illiger, 1806)
• Cyclocephala obscura Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala occipitalis Fairmaire, 1892
• Cyclocephala ocellata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala ochracea Prell, 1937
• Cyclocephala octopunctata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala ohausiana Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala olivieri Arrow, 1911
• Cyclocephala ovulum Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala pan Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala panthera Dechambre, 1979
• Cyclocephala paraflora Martínez, 1978
• Cyclocephala paraguayensis Arrow, 1903
• Cyclocephala parallela (Casey, 1915)
• Cyclocephala pardolocarnoi Dechambre, 1995
• Cyclocephala perconfusa Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala pereirai (Martínez, 1960)
• Cyclocephala perforata Arrow, 1913
• Cyclocephala perplexa Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala peruana Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala pichinchana Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala picipes (Olivier, 1789)
• Cyclocephala picopijola Ratcliffe & Cave, 2006
• Cyclocephala picta Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala pilosa Dupuis, 2006
• Cyclocephala pilosicollis Saylor, 1936
• Cyclocephala pokornyi Dupuis, 2014
• Cyclocephala pompanoni Dechambre, 1979
• Cyclocephala poncheli Dechambre & Duranton, 2005
• Cyclocephala porioni Dechambre, 1979
• Cyclocephala prelli Endrödi, 1967
• Cyclocephala prolongata Arrow, 1902
• Cyclocephala proxima Dechambre, 1997
• Cyclocephala pseudoconfusa Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala pseudomelanocephala Dupuis, 1996
• Cyclocephala pugnax Arrow, 1914
• Cyclocephala pulchra Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala puncticollis Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala putrida Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala pygidialis Joly, 2000
• Cyclocephala pygidiata Dupuis, 1999
• Cyclocephala quadripunctata Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala quatuordecimpunctata Mannerheim, 1829
• Cyclocephala quercina Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala quisqueya Joly, 1998
• Cyclocephala rangelana Chapin, 1935
• Cyclocephala ratcliffei Endrödi, 1977
• Cyclocephala recta Dupuis, 2008
• Cyclocephala regularis Casey, 1915
• Cyclocephala rogerpauli Moore, Branham & Cave, 2018
• Cyclocephala rogezi Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala rondoniana Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala rorulenta Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala rotundipenis Dupuis, 2009
• Cyclocephala rubescens Bates, 1891
• Cyclocephala rufa Endrödi, 1967
• Cyclocephala rufescens Endrödi, 1967
• Cyclocephala ruficollis Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala rufonigra Demay, 1838
• Cyclocephala rufovaria Arrow, 1911
• Cyclocephala rustica (Olivier, 1789)
• Cyclocephala saltini Ratcliffe, 2008
• Cyclocephala sanguinicollis Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala santaritae Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala sarahae Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala sardadebiae Dechambre & Duranton, 2005
• Cyclocephala sarpedon Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala scarabaeina (Gyllenhal, 1817)
• Cyclocephala schmitzorum Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala sculpta Dupuis, 2021
• Cyclocephala seditiosa LeConte, 1863
• Cyclocephala setosa Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala sexpunctata Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
• Cyclocephala signaticollis Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala signatoides Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala similis Dechambre, 1980
• Cyclocephala simillima Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala simulatrix Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala sinaloae Howden & Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala sinuosa Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala sororia Bates, 1888
• Cyclocephala spangleri Joly, 2000
• Cyclocephala sparsa Arrow, 1902
• Cyclocephala spilopyga Erichson, 1847
• Cyclocephala stictica Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala stockwelli Ratcliffe, 2003
• Cyclocephala striata Endrödi, 1963
• Cyclocephala subsignata Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala supernana Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala suturalis Ohaus, 1911
• Cyclocephala sylviae Dechambre, 1995
• Cyclocephala tarsalis Dechambre, 1979
• Cyclocephala testacea Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala tetrica Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala tidula Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala toulgoeti Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala tridentata (Fabricius, 1801)
• Cyclocephala tronchonii Martínez, 1975
• Cyclocephala tucumana Brethes, 1904
• Cyclocephala tutilina Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala tylifera Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala unamas Ratcliffe, 2003
• Cyclocephala undata (Olivier, 1789)
• Cyclocephala unidentata Endrödi, 1980
• Cyclocephala variabilis Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala varians Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala variipenis Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala variolosa Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala verticalis Burmeister, 1847
• Cyclocephala vestita Höhne, 1923
• Cyclocephala vidanoi Dechambre, 1992
• Cyclocephala vidua Endrödi, 1966
• Cyclocephala villosa Blanchard, 1846
• Cyclocephala vincentiae Arrow, 1900
• Cyclocephala vinosa Arrow, 1937
• Cyclocephala virgo Dechambre, 1999
• Cyclocephala viridis Dechambre, 1982
• Cyclocephala vittoscutellaris Prell, 1937
• Cyclocephala wandae Hardy, 1974
• Cyclocephala warneri Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala weidneri Endrödi, 1964
• Cyclocephala williami Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala zodion Ratcliffe, 1992
• Cyclocephala zurstrasseni Endrödi, 1964

Kilder

• Generic Guide to New World Scarab Beetles - Cyclocephala [1]

Eksterne lenker

• (en) Cyclocephala i Encyclopedia of Life
• (en) Cyclocephala i Global Biodiversity Information Facility
• (en) Cyclocephala hos Fossilworks
• (en) Cyclocephala hos ITIS
• (en) Cyclocephala hos NCBI
• (en) Kategori:Cyclocephala – bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons
• Cyclocephala – detaljert informasjon på Wikispecies
• Bildegalleri over nordamerikanske arter
• Dynastidae du monde- sjekkliste over artene Arkivert 5. august 2013 hos Wayback Machine.